THE CRITICAL CONVERGENCE BETWEEN THE GENERAL DATA PROTECTION LAW (LGPD) AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: CHALLENGES AND LEGAL PERSPECTIVES IN THE BRAZILIAN SCENARIO

Abstract

The proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems and the exponential volume of personal data processed by these technologies pose complex challenges to the protection of privacy and fundamental rights. In Brazil, the General Data Protection Law (LGPD) emerges as the main regulatory framework to address these issues, seeking to balance technological innovation with the safeguarding of individuals. This study aimed to analyze the intersection between the LGPD and AI, identifying the main points of friction and opportunities for harmonization. Using a systematic literature review, articles addressing the application of the LGPD in the context of the digital age and its implications for data processing were selected and analyzed. The findings reveal that the LGPD establishes a robust legal framework for data governance, requiring compliance in aspects such as consent, purpose, security, and accountability. However, the application of these principles to AI, especially in Big Data and machine learning scenarios, raises questions about the opacity of algorithms, automated decision-making, and the need for defense mechanisms against violations. It is concluded that the LGPD (Brazilian General Data Protection Law) is fundamental to mitigating risks inherent to AI, but it requires continuous interpretation and adaptation to keep pace with innovation, promoting ethical and legally responsible development of the technology in the country.